TB6612 is a dual driver IC for DC motors from Toshiba. It comes in a SSOP package and is available as a DIY-friendly breakout board.
Since this chip has a MOS structure, it is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Make sure you ground yourself before handling it.
Technical Specs
| Spec | Description |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage | 2.7-5.5V |
| Supply Current | 1.1-2.2mA |
| Motor Output Voltage | 2.5-13.4V |
| Output Current | 1A (0.4A below 4.5V) |
| Output Peak Current | 2A/20ms at 20% duty cycle, 3.2A/10ms single pulse |
| Response Speed | 24-41ns |
| PWM Frequency | 100kHz |
| Shoot-Through Protection | high to low 50ns, low to high 230ns |
| Low Voltage Detection | 1.9V (2.2V recovery) |
| Thermal shutdown | 175C (20C hysteresis) |
Notes
TB6612 can be used with 3.3V and 5V microcontrollers. GPIOs can directly control the two motor control circuits.
The chip can switch loads of up to 1A at voltages between 4.5-13.4V, and up to 0.4A at voltages between 2.5-<4.5V. The chip by itself has a power dissipation of 0.78W.
Shoot-Through Protection
With any semiconductor-based change-over switch, it is important to prevent shoot-through situations that occur when for a short time, both MOSFet conduct, effectively producing a short circuit.
The TB6612 uses delays to prevent this: when switching mode pins from high to low, there is a 50ns delay, and when switching from low to high, there is a 230ns delay.
Note that these delays apply to mode changes only, i.e. when switching the motor control from clockwise to counter-clockwise direction. These delays do not apply to high and low levels at the motor output pins (and thus do not apply for PWM operation).
Modes
The TB6612 supports six different modes that are controlled by the motor control pins:
| Mode | AIN1 | AIN2 | BIN1 | BIN2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward (Motor A) | high | low | ||
| Forward (Motor B) | high | low | ||
| Reverse (Motor A) | low | high | ||
| Reverse (Motor B) | low | high | ||
| Active Brake (Motor A) | high | high | ||
| Active Brake (Motor B) | high | high | ||
| Passive Stop (Motor A) | low | low | ||
| Passive Stop (Motor B) | low | low |
In addition, the speed can be controlled via a PWM signal.
When the STBY pin is low, the driver enters a low-power state, and both motors receive no current.
Materials
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(content created Aug 27, 2024)