The ST7789 is a versatile TFT display driver IC commonly used for small to medium-sized displays with resolutions of up to 240x320 pixels at full 18bit color (262 thousand different colors). Many TFT display boards and ESP32 development boards with integrated display use this device driver.
The driver supports SPI and the Parallel interface, plus some lesser used ones.
Versions
Although ST7789 exists in a number of variants, there seem to be no substantial differences between the 2012 version ST7789S and the 2021 version ST7789P3. Apparently, the different versions are mere maintenance releases with minor hardware adjustments to chip size, pad locations, and supported voltage ranges.
The key display features remain identical:
- Maximum Resolution: 240(H)x320(V) pixels
- Maximum Color Depth: 18bit (262K)
- Source and Gate Lines: 720/320
- Interface: SPI and Parallel
The power consumption also remains identical.
| Version | Spotted Changes | Chip Size | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST7789S | 300um | 2012 | |
| ST7789V | gate-driver supply voltage range extended | 300um | 2013 |
| ST7789H2 | 300um | 2014 | |
| ST7789VI | power consumption in normal mode changed from 7.5mA to 8mA | 300um | 2016 |
| ST7789V2 | power consumption back to normal (possibly documentation bug) | 300um | 2016 |
| ST7789VW | 300um | 2017 | |
| ST7789V3 | 200um | 2020 | |
| ST7789P3 | 200um | 2021 |
That said, the data sheets are 300 pages+, filled with technical glibber and timing protocols. If you spot significant differences or know of compatibility issues, please leave a comment below.
Regardless of which ST7789 variant your display uses, they are all supported by the same libraries. If your display does not work, it is most likely due to incorrect GPIO assignments on your side, or due to incompatibilities between the display breakout board and your microcontroller (i.e. incompatible operating voltage, incompatible interface (Parallel instead of SPI), no exposed CS pin, etc.). It may help to test with different libraries (Adafruit, TFT_eSPI) as they use different default behaviors.
ESPHome Support
ESPHome started to support ST7789 with a dedicated component called ST7789V TFT LCD. This component has been made redundant since the ST7789 is now supported by the more generic ILI9XXX component.
platformio/Arduino Support
Adafruit provides a free library for ST77* drivers (including the ST7789). It is also supported by TFT_eSPI.
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(content created Oct 16, 2024)